„The role of the nurse in preparation of a patient before the kidney transplantation“

V diplomskem delu je predstavljena transplantacija ledvice, ki je že leta najboljši način zdravljenja pacientov s končno odpovedjo ledvic. Izboljša kakovost življenja, saj pripomore k boljši telesni, socialni in psihični rehabilitaciji. Omogoči, da se lahko pacient vrne v svoje normalno življenje. Vendar je za uspeh transplantacije in življenje s presajeno ledvico potrebna največja stopnja pacientovega sodelovanja. Pred transplantacijo mora opraviti številne preiskave, ki zagotavljajo, da bo transplantacija uspešna in da po njej ne bo prišlo do zapletov. V nadaljevanju je predstavljena specifična in zelo kompleksna vloga medicinske sestre – ki mora imeti posebne spretnosti in znanja – pri pripravi pacienta na transplantacijo. Pacienta je treba obravnavati kot celoto, pri čemer se upošteva njegovo psihično stanje in težave. Z zdravstveno vzgojo pacienta o transplantaciji ledvice se začne že v preddializnem obdobju. Pacientu je treba nuditi spoznanja o bolezni, mu pomagati pri premagovanju težav in ga pripraviti na sodelovanje pri zdravljenju. Učinkovitost njegovega sodelovanja je odvisna od poučenosti o preiskavah in raznih posegih, ki jih mora prestati pred transplantacijo ter o vseh vidikih same transplantacije. Medicinska sestra se mora zavedati, da lahko veliko pripomore k boljši poučenosti pacienta in da je lahko velika podpora pacientu in njegovi družini pri premagovanju težav. Pacient pa mora vedeti, da njegovo življenje lahko ostane zelo kakovostno, če bo pri zdravljenju dobro sodeloval.This paper concerns kidney transplantation which has been the best treatment for the patients with kidney failure. It improves quality of life since it helps towards better physical, social and psychological rehabilitation. It helps a patient to return to his normal life. But the successful transplantation and life with transplant demand the highest level of the patient’s involvement. To ensure successful transplantation without any complications after it, a patient has to undergo numerous examinations. The following text describes s role of a nurse – who should have special skills and knowledge – in preparation of a patient for kidney transplantation. A patient should be treated in whole, taking into account his psychological state and problems. A patient gets information about kidney transplantation already before he starts undergoing a dialysis. A patient needs to get knowledge about his disease and assistance to overcome his problems and have motivation for cooperation during the post-operation period. The results of his cooperation depends on how well he is informed about the examinations and medical interventions he has to undergo before the transplantation, as well as about all aspects of kidney transplantation. A nurse should be aware that she can help the patient to be well informed and she can be a real support to him/her and his/her family in order to overcome problems. A patient needs to know that she/he can still have a high quality of life if she/he is ready to cooperate